What does "contrapuntal" writing in music involve?

Contrapuntal writing in music refers to the technique of combining two or more independent melodic lines, which interact with one another in a harmonically cohesive manner. This style emphasizes the individuality of each melody, allowing them to coexist, move independently, and yet create a rich texture and harmony when played together. A hallmark of contrapuntal writing is its intricate weaving of these lines, which can lead to complex musical forms such as fugues and canons. This approach contrasts with other styles that may focus on a single melody supported by chords or repetitive patterns, highlighting the significance of melody independence in contrapuntal music.